Key things to know
- A sexual health check is not just about testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It’s also a chance to talk about reproductive health, contraception, and to make sure you’re up to date with other important tests such as your cervical screen.
- Testing for STIs is important because many don’t cause symptoms. If left untreated, STIs can damage reproductive organs and lead to infertility – but most can be easily treated with antibiotics if caught early.
- A cervical screening test checks the health of your cervix and helps prevent cervical cancer. It’s best to make sure your screening is up to date before pregnancy.
A sexual health check is a check-up with a health professional that looks at your cervical health (through a cervical screening test), checks for sexually transmitted infections (STI’s), and covers other reproductive health topics.
STIs
STIs are infections passed from one person to another through genital contact or unprotected sex. Getting tested for STIs before the baby bump is important because some infections can affect fertility and pregnancy. STI screening will also prevent mother-to-baby transmission of the infection once pregnant
An STI check may include blood, urine and swab tests. Many people with STIs don’t have any symptoms, so they may not realise they a have an infection and can unknowingly pass it on.
Left untreated, STIs can lead to long-term health problems.
Getting tested is a simple step that can make a big difference for your health and your chances of having a baby.
Cervical screening
Cervical screening is one of the best ways to protect yourself against cervical cancer. All women aged 25 years and over should have regular cervical screening, even if you have had the HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccination, because the vaccine doesn’t protect you from all HPV types.
Pregnancy can make it harder to interpret test results, so it’s best to have your cervical screening before the baby bump.
Before the baby bump describes the time before you are pregnant, when you might be thinking about having a baby, or starting to try for one. This time is also called preconception.
Myth busting
Fact: Many sexually transmitted infections (STIs) don’t cause any symptoms at all. You can have an infection and not even know it. That’s why regular STI screening is so important — even if you feel completely fine. It’s recommended to get tested every 6 to 12 months, or more often if you have a new partner or change partners frequently. Regular testing helps keep you and your future baby safe and ensures infections are treated early.
Fact: Anyone who is sexually active can get an STI — even if you’ve only had one partner. What matters is whether you or your partner have ever had unprotected sex. The best protection is using condoms and having regular sexual health checks.
Fact: STI testing is quick, simple and private. Health professionals do these tests every day – it’s a normal part of looking after your health.
Getting tested shows that you care about your own wellbeing and your partner’s health too.
Facts
STIs can affect your health
There are over 25 different infections that can be transmitted sexually. Unprotected sex increases your risk of these, which is why regular STI checks are important to protect your health.
STIs can impact fertility
Untreated infections can damage reproductive organs and lead to infertility. Getting tested regularly helps detect and treat infections early, before they cause complications.
Self-collection cervical screening available
Most women can collect their own cervical screening sample using a swab.
This is done in a private space at a healthcare centre, such as a GP clinic or sexual health service. Your sample is sent to a laboratory, and your health professional will follow up with the results.
Self-collection makes cervical screening more convenient and comfortable, while still protecting your health.
Work as a team
Anyone can have a sexually transmitted infection (STI) without knowing it. Getting tested together as a couple can give you peace of mind about your health before trying for a baby.
Regular sexual health checks are recommended for all sexually active adults who are having unprotected sex. It’s a simple way to look after both your own health and your partner’s health, and to give your future baby the best start possible.
Resources
- Sexual health: myths vs truths
- What tests do I need?
- Guide to STIs
- Short animated video on self-collecting for cervical screening
- Stop The Rise of STIs – To support learning around sexual health and sexually transmitted infections
Checklist for women
Download:
Checklist for women
Checklist for men
Download:
Checklist for men
Thinking about having a baby?
Download:
Fact sheet
Support services
- Find a place to have STI testing
- 13HealthWebtest – A free test for genital chlamydia and gonorrhoea that can be ordered online by Queenslanders 16 years and older. It is confidential and you don’t need a Medicare card to order
References
Hart, R. J. (2016). Physiological aspects of female fertility: Role of the environment, modern lifestyle, and genetics. Physiological Reviews, 96(3), 873–909. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00023.2015
Womens Health Victoria. (2022). Top 5 STI myths busted. 1800 My Options. Retrieved October 2025, from https://www.1800myoptions.org.au/blog/top-5-sti-myths-busted/
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